Статья в журнале «Journal of Regulatory Economics»
На сайте журнала «Journal of Regulatory Economics» опубликована статья Ильи Кукаева и Эдварда Тиммонса «Is occupational licensing a barrier to self-employment?».
For more than 20% of workers in the US, a mandatory requirement to begin working is obtaining a license. Since operating a business also often requires an occupational license, individuals who want to become self-employed face a similar barrier. We seek to better understand the extent that occupational licensing operates as a barrier to self-employment. Focusing on employed and unemployed individuals, we study switches from occupations as well as into self-employment in a two-way fixed effects model controlling for selection bias using a two–stage Heckman approach in a panel dataset from the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) for the years 2013–2019 in the US. We find suggestive evidence that licensing is a barrier to both choice of occupation and self-employment. Our results suggest that when an employed individual lacks an occupational license that this negatively correlates with both becoming self-employed and changing an occupation. For unemployed individuals, licensing is negatively correlated with finding a job and becoming self-employed. Thus, our results provide supporting evidence that occupational licensing is a barrier to entry into both choice of occupation and self-employment.
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